Tool post turret block



Sept. 26, 1944. MARK 2,358,816

TOOL POST TURRET BLOCK vFiled March 1, 1943 54 1 .2, //\/Z/ /\/7"C7R 61wr DWARD R. 7 2K J 5/ W 10 7-7-aR/vis Patented Sept. 26, 1944 UNITEDSTATES PATENT OFFICE 2,358,81 i Y 'rooL Posh! 'TURRET BLOCK Edward Mark,Portland, Oregl Application March 1, 1943, Serial No. 477,655-

6 Claims.

This invention relates to tool posts of the tur ret type for lathes andother similar machines,

and particularly to a tool post turret block ca-- pable of holding aplurality of tools and mov able into' a plurality of positions to bringsaid tools into operative relation with the workpiece.

vide a multiple tool holder for successively moving machine tools intooperative relation with aworkpiece with a highdegree of accuracy.

It is a further object of the invention to provide' in a tool postturret block means for adjusting indexing parts to restore' machineaccuracy when inaccuracies occur by reason of wear.

It is a further objetzof the invention to provide a means of makingadjustments of working parts to compensate for wear without disassemblyof the turret bldck.

It is a further object of the invention to provide in a tool post'turretblock means to facilitate ease of operation, and accuracy and.permanency of adjustment.

It is a further object of the invention to pro- It is a primary objectof the invention to provide in a tool post turret block means forindex-' 7 ing the block to move tools into operative relation with aworkpiece which requires movement of the operating lever only through anangle corresponding to the indexing angle.

It is a further object of the invention to provide a tool post turretblock having means; for maintaining angular alignment oi the block andindexing means after' disengagement of the block from its base and priorto engagement with means for creating the next indexing movement.

With these and other objects and advantages in mind, the inventionresides in the novel construction and combination of parts hereinafterdescribed, illustrated in the accompanying drawing, and set forth in theappended claims; it being understood that variouschan'g'es in form,proportion, size, and details of construction within the scope of theclaims may be resorted to Without departing from the spirit orsacrificing any of the advantages-of the invention.

In the drawing: Figure 1-is a perspective view of a tool post turretblock embodying the invention; Figure 2 is a vertical section taken onthe line 2-2 of Figure 3; Figure 3 is a horizontal section taken on theline 3 3 of Figure 2; Figure 4 is a plan view, partly in section, of thebase with the turret block removed; Figure 5 is a fragmentai'y verticalsection showing a modified strucholes; and Figure 7 is a fragmentarysectional elevation taken on the line 1-1 of Figuregfi.

A-tool post-turret block embodying the invention is describedas having acircular base it mounted upon the usual cross slide H of a lathe, bymeans of cap screws l2 which extend through the base It) and engage a'plate I 3 mounted in, the slot I4 of the cross slidell. I is of alengthsubstantially equal to the diameter of the base I0 and the-cap screws [2extend through the base H1 at diametrically oppositepoints and engagethe plate, l3 adjacent oppositeends thereof. The cap screws arecountersunk in the base and may be provided with hollow heads forengagement byca hexagonal tool. The base I0 is provided witha'generaIIyrectan gular boss l5 closely fitting'fthe' T slot' l ll for maintainingthe tool post accurat alignment with the workpiece. Extending upwaruiyfrom the center of the base [0 is a post id having threads H at itsupper ehd for the reception of anutlB. j i v Mounted on the base l0isf'a turret block f9 provided in its lower face with a c 'ieuIa-rrecess 2| within whichis rec ived the; upper portion or the base [0. Thedrawing illustrates the turret block as having flounsides ofequariengmane having anupper flange 22' and a lower flange 23 defining atool receiving recess 24." Set screws- 25 extend through the upper fiaige'zz for clamp:

' ing tools 26 against the lower flange 23. Four configuration-shown;and -each oftlies toolsimayf tur'e embodying the invention, and showingthe tools maybe mounted on a 'tu i'fet block of the selectively bebrought intGf position for. operation on the workpiece iii themannerpresently to:-

be described. I

The turret bore z'l'ror' the reception of th'po'st" l6, bymeans of whichthe block l9 is tentered on the base.-

The 'b'or'e Zlis enlarged adjacent its upper end fforthe reception of alateral flange 28 on'theend of the nut l8. Acollar 29 closely fittingthe nut l8 over the flange: 28' is secured to the upper face of theturret block I9 as bymachine screws 3|. A sealingring 32 mounted in agroove 33 inv the inner periphery of the'collar 29 prevents abrasivematerials from entering the bore 2-1.

Enlargement of the axial bore 2'1 in the turret block' N! forms anannular shoulder 34 adaptedto be engaged by the flanged end of the nutI3;

when the nut is turned down on the thread 11 to lock theblockinoperative position. It will be noted thatthe thickness or theflange 28 on the nut I8 islessithan the depth of the enlarged:-

portion of the here 2.1, so that the shoulder- 351 The plate [3 Vbioeliis'is prdvided 'withran axial lies at a greater distance from theupper face of the turret block l9 than is occupied by the flange 28 onthe nut. Thus, when the nut I8 is turned down tightly against theshoulder 34,

as shown in Figure 2, a space 35, equal to approximately one fourth ofthe pitch of the thread I1, is created between the flange 2B and thecollar 29. By reason of the space 35, when the operating lever 36 isturned in the counterclock- Wise direction, to causethe nut to disengagethe thread l1, the lever may be turned through an arc of approximatelyninety degrees before the flange 28 engages the under side of the collarThe base I is bored at diametrically opposite points for the receptionof locking pin 31, each of these. locking pins being providedwith atapered head 3Bfp'ro'jecting upwardly from the base Ill. The lower faceof the turret block I9 is formed with four recesses 39, these beingspaced ninety degrees apart, each diametrically opposite two thereofbeing movable into correlated positions with the locking pins 31.Preferably. each of said recesses is fltted with a hardened steelbushing 4| forming a tapered socket 42 to receive the correspondinglytapered heads 38 of the locking pins '31. Communicating with each of therecesses 39 is. a tapped hole 43 in which is mounted a hollow headcapscrew 44. These cap screws provide means for adjusting the taperedbushings 4| to compensate for wear of either the bushings or thelockingpins. As illustrated in the drawing, the recesses 33 are ofsufficient depth to receive both the bushings 4| and the :heads of thecap screws 44. When the block is assembled the cap screws are firstthreaded into thetapped holes 43 with .the heads deep in the recesses 36to permitthe bushings 4| to be pressed into place. Each bushing 4| isprovided with an opening 45 so that an appropriate tool may be insertedtherethrough into engagement with the screw 44 for turning the screw toadjust'the bushing. e

In Figure'15 is illustrated a structure in which bushings 58, definingsockets 59 for engagement with the locking pins 31, are provided withthreaded shanks 6| by which they are adjustably mounted in recesses 62in the lower face of turret block 56. Each bushing 58 is provided withan appropriately shaped recess 63'for reception of a tool for adjustingthe bushing to compensate for wear. To make adjustments of the bushings,in either of the structures illustrated,

it is necessary only to rotate the nut I8 ,to dis-,

engage the threads l1 and to lift the turret block l9 off the post "5,thus'exposing the lower face of the block. Thereupon, by turning thescrew 44 or the bushing 58, as the case may be, adjustments may be madeto compensate for wear.

For rotating the turret block f9 after the same has been lifted clear ofthe locking pins 31, oppositely disposed detents 46 are mounted in theturret block closely adjacent the periphery of the bore 21 for engagingwith detent holes 41 in the lower-face of the flange 28 on the nut I81In the structure illustrated in Figure 2, the deplicant.

tents 46 are mounted in bores 48 which extend. 75

through the turret block. Adjacent the lower face of the turret blockeach bore 48 is of reduced diameter forming a shoulder 49 and mounted inthis reduced portion of the bore is a pin 5| adapted to project from thelower end of the bore into engagement with the upper surface of the basel0. Each pin 5| is provided with a head 52 which engages the shoulder 49and prevents displacement of the pin from the bore. A spring 53,bearingat one end against the head v52 of the pin 5| and at the otherend aginstthe detent 46, urges the detent into engagement with one ofthe detent holes 41. Each of the pins 5| is of sufficient length to bearagainst the surface of the base ID at all times during indexing andlocking positions of the block. That is to say, the pins 5| project fromthe lower face of the block IS a distance greater than the height of thetapered heads 38 on the locking pins 31. By reason of this construction,the turret block I9 is not subject to stresses created by the spring 53,the detent structure, comprising the detents 46, springs 53, and pins5|, loosely mounted for axial movement therein.

In Figure 5 is illustrated a turret block 56 embodying a modification ofthe'detent structure wherein recesses 54 in which are mounted detents 55terminate within the body of the turret block 56, so that each spring 51bears at one end against the block 56 and at the other end against thedetent 55. While the detent structure illustrated is operable to causerotation of the turret block upon rotation of the lever 36, neverthelessthe amount of frictional resistance offered thereby is considerablygreater than in the construction illustrated in Figure 2. In theconstruction shown in Figure 2 the stresses imposed by the spring 53 arenot applied to the block l9, and not only is the block more easilyoperated but the wear on the indexing parts is considerablylessened.

Operation Having mounted the herein described tool post turret block onthe cross slide H of a lath or other similar machine, the operationthereof and the advantages inherent therein may be described as follows:

Assume, for purposes of illustration, that the pitch of the thread H onthe end of the post I6 is exactly the same as on the tool post turretblocks heretofore manufactured and sold by ap- In these devices,there'are six threads to the inch, and the axial movement of the nut is.166 inchper revolution of the lever 36. The tapered heads 38 of thelocking pins 31 project upwardly from the face of the base H! a distanceof .120 inch. The heads 38 are provided with a 5 taper and the sockets42 in the bushings 4|- are correspondingly tapered.

Assume first that the turret block I9 is in locked position on the baseID with the locking pins 31 engaging in the sockets 42. Also thatappropriate tools are'mounted in the tool recess 24. Rotation of thelever 36 through an angle of ninety degrees from the locked position inthe counterclockwise direction moves the .nut |B axially of the post Hito a point where the flange 28 engages the under side of the collar 29.As the nut is rotated through one complete revolution, the detents 46successively engage and disengage the recesses 41 in the flange 28, theturret block I!) being held against rotation by engagement of thelocking pins 31 with the sockets 42.

After the flange 28 has engaged the under surface of the collar 29, eachquarter turn of the lever 36 in'the counterclockwi'se direction raisesthe turret block 19 approximately .0415inch until, upon having completedone revolution of the lever, the turret block 99 is lifted axially ofthe post IBa distance of .1245 inch and the block is clear of thetapered heads 38 of the locking pins 31. To insure accurate angularalignment of the sockets 42 in the turret block with respectto detenthole 65in the circular wall of the base l by means of a spring 65. Thedetent hole 65 is so positioned in the wall of the base In that thedetent 64 engagestherein just'prior to the moment that the sockets 42are lifted clear of the tapered heads 38 of the locking pins. In theconstruction shown the sockets 42 are lifted clear "of the locking pins31 just priorto the time that the lever 36 completes one revolution inthe counterclockwise direction from the locked position hereindescribed. The function of the detent 64 is to hold the turret block [9stationary until the nut has been rotated through the remainder of onecomplete revolution of the lever in the counterclockwise direction tothe indexing position. Thereupon the detents 46 engage in the detentholes 41 in the nut I8 and the nut and turret block are thus interlockedfor unitary rotation until such time as the sockets 42 reengage thelocking pins 31 as hereinafter described.

Rotation of the lever 36 in the clockwise direction from the indexingposition, to restore the turret block IE! to locked position, rotatesthe turret block through an angle of ninety degrees to bring the nextsuccessive tool into operating position. Briefly stated, one revolutionof the lever 36 in the counterclockwise direction to the indexingposition, plus one revolution of the lever 36 in the clockwise directionto the starting point or locked position, automatically shifts theturret block through an angle of ninety degrees to place a new tool inworking position.

In the event the tool next to be used. is not the tool next in order ofrotation of the block in the clockwise direction, the desired tool maybe brought into working position by rotating the lever repeatedlythrough an angle of ninety degrees from the indexing position, first inthe clockwise direction, second in the counterclockwise direction, andthen in the clockwise direction, through the same ninety degree angle,until the desired tool shall be moved to working position, whereupon thelever may be rotated the remaining three quarters of a revolution in theclockwise direction to lock the turret block on the locking pins.

The space 35, provided between the flange 28 on the nut l8 and thecollar 29, is productive of advantages which may not be apparent from acasual inspection of the drawing. A distinct ad- ,vantage resides in thepermitted action of the block when the lever is turned in the clockwisedirection from the indexing position. (The indexing position is theposition of the lever at one full revolution in the counterclockwisedirection from the locked position). Upon rotating the lever from theindexing position in the clockwise direction, the turret block I9 ispermitted to follow the lever for one quarter turn, at which point thesockets 42 initially engage the locking pins 31, and, by reason of thefact that the block is loosely mounted on the nut I8, the blockthereupon drops ffreely onto the tapered heads 38 of the-lockingpinswith the taperedhead's engaging inthe sockets 42.- It'is advisableto pause slightly inthe clockwise rotationof the'lever 36 at this pointto permit the sockets 42 to "drop over the tapered heads 38 beforerotating the lever 3B'to the locked position. By reason of this construetion, the amount of weanwhich otherwise could be expected ,to take place"between"'thdocking pins 31 and bushings 4| isconsiderabl'y lessened.Having now describedmy invention and in what manner the same may be;usedfwhat I claim as new'and desire to protect by Letters Patentis:

1. A toolpost turret block comprising a circu lar base havingv 'afpostprojecting upwardly'from' the center thereof, threads on the end of saidpost and a pair" or locking pins projecting upwardly from saidbaseyajturret block mounted upon said base and engaging said postrorrotation relative thereto; means defining a tool recess in said block, aplurality of recesses in the'lowe'r' face of said block adapted tobe-brought into correlated position with respect tosaidlocking pins,bushings mounted in said recesses defining sockets for engagement withsaid locking pins, a tapped bore extending through said block inalignment with each said recess, a hollow head cap screw mounted behindeach of said bushings and having threads engaging in said bore, andmeans defining an opening through each said bushing for the insertiontherethrough of an appropriate tool for turning said cap screw.

2. A tool post turret block comprising a circular base having anupstanding post formed integrally therewith, threads on the end of said'post, a pair of locking pins mounted in said base and projectingupwardly therefrom, a turret for enabling unitary rotation of said blockand said nut, resilient means tending to move said detent intoengagement with said nut, means projecting from said block and engagingsaid base and forming a seat for said resilient means whereby thestresses imposed by said resilient means are applied solely to said baseand said deten 3. In a tool .post turret block, a base, a post on saidbase, threads on said post, a block mounted on said base and engagingsaid post for rotation relative thereto, a nut mounted on said threadsand loosely engaging said block for rotation relative thereto, a detentmounted in said block, a spring mounted in said block and engaging oneend of said detent for urging said detent into engagement with said nut,a pin mounted in said block and projecting therefrom into engagementwith said base, one end of said spring being seated on said pin, saiddetent, spring and pin being loosely mounted in said block for axialmovement relative thereto.

.4. In a tool post turret block, a base, an upstanding post on saidbase, threads on said post, a nut mounted on said threads, a turretblock mounted on said base and engaging said post for rotation relativethereto, a recess in said block annularly of said post and forming anannular shoulder, a flange on said nut adapted to engage said shoulderand lock said block on said base, the depth of said recess above saidshoulder being greater than the thickness of said flange, and a collarsecured to said block and extending over said flange whereby rotation ofsaid nut in a direction to disengage said thread will cause said flangeto engage said collar and lift said block, said flange having limitedaxial movement between said shoulder and said collar.

5. In a tool post turret block, a base, an upstanding post on said base,threads on said post, a nut mounted on said threads, a turret blockmounted on said base and engaging said post for rotation relativethereto, a recess in said block annularly of said post, a flange on saidnut extending into said recess, a collar secured to said block andengaging, said nut over said flange, a medial groove in the innerperiphery of said collar and a sealing ring mounted in said collar andengaging said nut for preventing foreign materials from entering saidrecess,

, 6. A tool post turret block comprising a circular base having anupstanding post formed integrally therewith, threads on the end of saidpost, a pair of locking pins mounted in said base and projectingupwardly therefrom, a turret block mounted on said base. and engagingsaid post for rotation relative thereto, means defining a plurality ofsockets in the lower face of said block for engaging said locking pins,a nut mounted on said threads and loosely engaging said block forrotation relative thereto, means secured to said block and adapted to beengaged by said nut for lifting said block upon rotation of said nut, adetent mounted in said block. means defining detent holes in saidrnutfor engaging said detent upon rotation of said nut through apredetermined angle with respect to said block, a second detent mountedin said block, means defining a detent hole in said base for engagingsaid detent during a time that said sockets are in engagement with saidlocking pins, said second detent being operable to hold said turretblock stationary after disengagement of said sockets from said lockingpins and prior to engagement of said first named detents with' saidmeans defining detent holes in said nut.

EDWARD R. MARK

